List Of Mammals Of Metropolitan France - Native Animals Of France

This article is about the mammals found in Metropolitan France. For the mammals of Overseas departments and territories of France, see List of mammals of Guadeloupe, List of mammals of Martinique, List of mammals of French Guiana, List of mammals of French Polynesia, List of mammals of RÃ©union, List of mammals of Mayotte.

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in France. There are 120 mammal species in France, of which 1 is critically endangered, 2 are endangered, 13 are vulnerable, and 4 are near-threatened. 1 of the species listed for France is considered to be extinct.

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:

Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories:

Subclass: Theria

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Rodentia (rodents)

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45Â kg (100Â lb).

Suborder: Sciurognathi
- Family: Castoridae (beavers)
  - - Genus: Castor
      - European beaver Castor fiber NT
- Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
  - Subfamily: Sciurinae
    - Tribe: Sciurini
      - Genus: Sciurus
        Red squirrel Sciurus vulgaris NT
  - Subfamily: Xerinae
    - Tribe: Marmotini
      - Genus: Marmota
        Alpine marmot Marmota marmota LR/lc
- Family: Gliridae (dormice)
  - Subfamily: Leithiinae
    - Genus: Eliomys
      - Garden dormouse Eliomys quercinus VU
    - Genus: Muscardinus
      - Hazel dormouse Muscardinus avellanarius LR/nt
  - Subfamily: Glirinae
    - Genus: Glis
      - Edible dormouse Glis glis LR/nt
- Family: Cricetidae
  - Subfamily: Cricetinae
    - Genus: Cricetus
      - European hamster Cricetus cricetus LR/lc
  - Subfamily: Arvicolinae
    - Genus: Arvicola
      - Southwestern water vole Arvicola sapidus LR/nt
      - Water vole Arvicola terrestris LR/lc
    - Genus: Chionomys
      - Snow vole Chionomys nivalis LR/nt
    - Genus: Clethrionomys
      - Bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus LR/lc
    - Genus: Microtus
      - Field vole Microtus agrestis LR/lc
      - Common vole Microtus arvalis LR/lc
      - Cabrera's vole Microtus cabrerae LR/nt
      - Mediterranean pine vole Microtus duodecimcostatus LR/lc
      - Gerbe's vole Microtus gerbei LR/lc
      - Lusitanian pine vole Microtus lusitanicus LR/lc
      - Alpine pine vole Microtus multiplex LR/lc
      - Savi's pine vole Microtus savii LR/lc
      - European pine vole Microtus subterraneus LR/lc
- Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
  - Subfamily: Murinae
    - Genus: Apodemus
      - Alpine field mouse Apodemus alpicola DD
      - Yellow-necked mouse Apodemus flavicollis LR/lc
      - Wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus LC
    - Genus: Micromys
      - Harvest mouse Micromys minutus LR/nt
    - Genus: Mus
      - Algerian mouse Mus spretus LC

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
- Genus: Oryctolagus
  - European rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus LR/lc
- Genus: Lepus
  - European hare Lepus europaeus LR/lc
  - Mountain hare Lepus timidus LR/lc
Family: Prolagidae
- Genus: Prolagus
  - Sardinian pika Prolagus sardus EX

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)

The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.

Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
- Subfamily: Erinaceinae
  - Genus: Atelerix
    - North African hedgehog Atelerix algirus LR/lc
  - Genus: Erinaceus
    - West European hedgehog Erinaceus europaeus LR/lc

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)

The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. Shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice, while moles are stout-bodied burrowers.

Family: Soricidae (shrews)
- Subfamily: Crocidurinae
  - Genus: Crocidura
    - Greater white-toothed shrew Crocidura russula LC
    - Lesser white-toothed shrew Crocidura suaveolens LR/lc
  - Genus: Suncus
    - Etruscan shrew Suncus etruscus LC
- Subfamily: Soricinae
  - Tribe: Nectogalini
    - Genus: Neomys
      - Southern water shrew Neomys anomalus LR/lc
      - Eurasian water shrew Neomys fodiens LR/lc
  - Tribe: Soricini
    - Genus: Sorex
      - Alpine shrew Sorex alpinus LR/lc
      - Common shrew Sorex araneus LR/lc
      - Crowned shrew Sorex coronatus LR/lc
      - Eurasian pygmy shrew Sorex minutus LR/lc
Family: Talpidae (moles)
- Subfamily: Talpinae
  - Tribe: Desmanini
    - Genus: Galemys
      - Pyrenean desman Galemys pyrenaicus VU
  - Tribe: Talpini
    - Genus: Talpa
      - Mediterranean mole Talpa caeca LR/lc
      - European mole Talpa europaea LR/lc
      - Roman mole Talpa romana LR/lc

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

Family: Vespertilionidae
- Subfamily: Myotinae
  - Genus: Myotis
    - Bechstein's bat Myotis bechsteini VU
    - Lesser mouse-eared bat Myotis blythii LR/lc
    - Brandt's bat Myotis brandti LR/lc
    - Long-fingered bat Myotis capaccinii VU
    - Pond bat Myotis dasycneme VU
    - Daubenton's bat Myotis daubentonii LR/lc
    - Geoffroy's bat Myotis emarginatus VU
    - Greater mouse-eared bat Myotis myotis LR/nt
    - Whiskered bat Myotis mystacinus LR/lc
    - Natterer's bat Myotis nattereri LR/lc
- Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
  - Genus: Barbastella
    - Barbastelle Barbastella barbastellus VU
  - Genus: Eptesicus
    - Northern bat Eptesicus nilssoni LR/lc
    - Serotine bat Eptesicus serotinus LR/lc
  - Genus: Hypsugo
    - Savi's pipistrelle Hypsugo savii LR/lc
  - Genus: Nyctalus
    - Greater noctule bat Nyctalus lasiopterus LR/nt
    - Lesser noctule Nyctalus leisleri LR/nt
    - Common noctule Nyctalus noctula LR/lc
  - Genus: Pipistrellus
    - Kuhl's pipistrelle Pipistrellus kuhlii LC
    - Nathusius' pipistrelle Pipistrellus nathusii LR/lc
    - Common pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus LC
  - Genus: Plecotus
    - Brown long-eared bat Plecotus auritus LR/lc
    - Grey long-eared bat Plecotus austriacus LR/lc
  - Genus: Vespertilio
    - Parti-coloured bat Vespertilio murinus LR/lc
- Subfamily: Miniopterinae
  - Genus: Miniopterus
    - Schreibers' long-fingered bat Miniopterus schreibersii LC
Family: Molossidae
- Genus: Tadarida
  - European free-tailed bat Tadarida teniotis LR/lc
Family: Rhinolophidae
- Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
  - Genus: Rhinolophus
    - Mediterranean horseshoe bat Rhinolophus euryale VU
    - Greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum LR/nt
    - Lesser horseshoe bat Rhinolophus hipposideros LC
    - Mehely's horseshoe bat Rhinolophus mehelyi VU

Order: Cetacea (whales)

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

Suborder: Mysticeti
- Family: Balaenidae (right whales)
  - Genus: Balaena
    - Bowhead whale Balaena mysticetus LC (Vagrant)
  - Genus: Eubalaena
    - North Atlantic right whale Eubalaena glacialis CR or Functionally Extinct in European waters
- Family: Eschrichtiidae (gray whales)
  - Genus: Eschrichtius
    - North Atlantic gray whale Eschrichtius robustus EX)
- Family: Balaenopteridae (rorquals)
  - Subfamily: Megapterinae
    - Genus: Megaptera
      - Humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae VU
  - Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
    - Genus: Balaenoptera
      - Fin whale Balaenoptera physalus EN
      - Minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata LR/nt
Suborder: Odontoceti
- Family: Kogiidae
  - Genus: Kogia
    - Pygmy sperm whale Kogia breviceps LR/lc
- Family: Ziphidae (beaked whales)
  - Genus: Ziphius
    - Cuvier's beaked whale Ziphius cavirostris DD
  - Subfamily: Hyperoodontidae
    - Genus: Hyperoodon
      - Northern Bottlenose whale Hyperoodon ampullatus LR/cd
    - Genus: Mesoplodon
      - Sowerby's beaked whale Mesoplodon bidens DD
      - True's beaked whale Mesoplodon mirus DD
- Family: Phocoenidae (porpoises)
  - Genus: Phocoena
    - Harbour porpoise Phocoena phocoena VU
- Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
  - Genus: Steno
    - Rough-toothed dolphin Steno bredanensis DD
  - Genus: Tursiops
    - Bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus DD
  - Genus: Stenella
    - Striped dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba LR/cd
  - Genus: Delphinus
    - Common dolphin Delphinus delphis LR/lc
  - Genus: Lagenorhynchus
    - Atlantic white-sided dolphin Lagenorhynchus acutus LR/lc
    - White-beaked dolphin Lagenorhynchus albirostris LR/lc
  - Genus: Grampus
    - Risso's dolphin Grampus griseus DD
  - Genus: Feresa
    - Pygmy killer whale Feresa attenuata DD
  - Genus: Pseudorca
    - False killer whale Pseudorca crassidens LR/lc
  - Genus: Globicephala
    - Pilot whale Globicephala melas LR/lc
  - Genus: Orcinus
    - Orca Orcinus orca LR/cd
- Superfamily: Platanistoidea
  - Family: Monodontidae
    - Genus: Delphinapterus
      - Beluga Delphinapterus leucas VU

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)

There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

Suborder: Feliformia
- Family: Felidae (cats)
  - Subfamily: Felinae
    - Genus: Felis
      - Wildcat Felis silvestris LC
    - Genus: Lynx
      - Eurasian lynx Lynx lynx NT
- Family: Viverridae (civets, mongooses, etc.)
  - Subfamily: Viverrinae
    - Genus: Genetta
      - Common genet Genetta genetta LR/lc
Suborder: Caniformia
- Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
  - Genus: Vulpes
    - Red fox Vulpes vulpes LC
  - Genus: Canis
    - Gray wolf Canis lupus LC
- Family: Ursidae (bears)
  - Genus: Ursus
    - Brown bear Ursus arctos LR/lc
- Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
  - Genus: Mustela
    - Stoat Mustela erminea LR/lc
    - European mink Mustela lutreola EN
    - Least weasel Mustela nivalis LR/lc
    - European polecat Mustela putorius LR/lc
  - Genus: Martes
    - Beech marten Martes foina LR/lc
    - Pine marten Martes martes LR/lc
  - Genus: Meles
    - Eurasian badger Meles meles LR/lc
  - Genus: Lutra
    - European otter Lutra lutra NT
- Family: Odobenidae
  - Genus: Odobenus
    - Walrus Odobenus rosmarus LR/lc
- Family: Phocidae (earless seals)
  - Genus: Erignathus
    - Bearded seal Erignathus barbatus LR/lc
  - Genus: Halichoerus
    - Grey seal Halichoerus grypus LR/lc
  - Genus: Monachus
    - Mediterranean monk seal Monachus monachus CR
  - Genus: Phoca
    - Common seal Phoca vitulina LR/lc

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

Family: Suidae (pigs)
- Subfamily: Suinae
  - Genus: Sus
    - Boar Sus scrofa LR/lc
Family: Cervidae (deer)
- Subfamily: Cervinae
  - Genus: Cervus
    - Red deer Cervus elaphus LR/lc
- Subfamily: Capreolinae
  - Genus: Capreolus
    - Roe deer Capreolus capreolus LR/lc
Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
- Subfamily: Caprinae
  - Genus: Capra
    - Alpine ibex Capra ibex LR/lc
  - Genus: Ovis
    - Mouflon Ovis orientalis VU
  - Genus: Rupicapra
    - Pyrenean chamois Rupicapra pyrenaica LR/cd
    - Chamois Rupicapra rupicapra LR/lc

Notes

References

"The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Mammals of France". IUCN. 2001. Retrieved 22 May 2007.Â
"Mammal Species of the World". Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. 2005. Archived from the original on 27 April 2007. Retrieved 22 May 2007.Â
"Animal Diversity Web". University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. 1995â€"2006. Retrieved 22 May 2007.Â

List Of Mammals Of Metropolitan France - Native Animals Of France

Selasa, 28 Februari 2017