Menudo, or pancita ([little] gut or [little] stomach, from Spanish: Panza; "Gut/Stomach") is a traditional Mexican soup, made with beef stomach (tripe) in broth with a red chili pepper base. Usually, hominy, lime, chopped onions, and chopped cilantro are added, as well as crushed oregano and crushed red chili peppers.
Menudo is usually eaten with corn tortillas or other breads, such as bolillo. It is often chilled and reheated, which results in a more melded flavor.
Cultural significance
Menudo is traditionally a family food prepared by the entire family, and even serves as an occasion for social interactions such as after wedding receptions where the families of the groom and bride go to either family's house to enjoy an early morning bowl of Menudo. In popular Mexican culture, Menudo is believed to be a remedy for hangover.
Since menudo is time and labor-intensive to prepare as the tripe takes hours to cook (or else it is extremely tough), and includes many ingredients and side dishes (such as salsa), the dish is often prepared communally and eaten at a feast. Documents from the Works Progress Administration indicate that in the 1930s, among migrant workers in Arizona, menudo parties were held regularly to celebrate births, Christmas, and other occasions. A positive first experience will invariably lead to a greater appreciation and understanding of why the like of ranks high in the world as a renowned and traditional culinary experience.
Preparation
Menudo is time intensive, taking four to seven hours to make. Modern supermarkets who sell beef tripe offer a version of this meat which has been previously processed by scalding it in very hot water, which significantly reduces cooking time by several hours. In its simplest form, beef tripe is rinsed clean then boiled for two to three hours in a large pot with an onion cut in half, then the tripe is removed from the pot and allowed to cool before being cut into strips or cubes and the onion half is discarded. The water is removed and discarded, then the tripe is then placed back into the pot and fresh water, oregano, red chili paste or powder, lime/lemon juice, and salt are added and boiled over low heat for another hour until the tripe is tender, after which hominy is added then allowed to cook an additional half hour until done.
Beef tripe which has been properly cooked in dishes such as Menudo has a rich, complex flavor which explains the dishes popularity for family and group gatherings. Beef tripe when raw has a very strong odor variously described as "barnyard like" and cooking with an onion cut in half removes most of the unpleasant odor of raw tripe. Menudo is typically served with chopped raw onions, oregano, and lemon or lime segments along with corn or flour tortillas.
Menudo almost always includes tripe, and some versions of the dish in Mexico also include honeycomb and "librillo" beef meat along with the beef feet and tendons. Versions of the dish which include meats other than tripe has a much longer cooking time. Pigs feet is also used in northern style menudo for example Chihuahua. The feet and tendons are boiled first at low to medium heat for about three hours. After the first three hours, the tripe should be added along with salt, an onion cut in half, and one or two heads of garlic. Red menudo has the addition of Guajillo chili paste. The menudo is allowed to continue boiling for an additional three hours while covered. Once it is almost done, the hominy is added.
Regional variations
There are a number of regional variations on menudo. In northern Mexico, typically hominy is added. In northwest states such as Sinaloa and Sonora usually only the blanco, or white, variation is seen; menudo blanco is the same dish, with the difference that red pepper is not added (though jalapeño or chopped green chilies may be added to the broth to replace the spice found in the red version), thus giving the broth a clear or white color. Adding patas (beef or pigs feet) to the stew is popular in the U.S. but not universal. In some areas of central Mexico, "menudo" refers to a stew of sheep stomach, "pancitas" stew of beef tongue. In South-Western Mexico (in and around the Distrito Federal, Morelos, and Guerrero) it is called "panza" or "panza guisada". The red variation is usually seen in Chihuahua, the northern state adjoining Texas. It is also usual to use only yellow hominy in menudo in the Texas region. A similar stew made with more easily cooked meat is pozole. Some variations of menudo substitute garbanzo beans instead of hominy.
Menudo in the U.S.
In the United States, since the mid-20th century, prepared menudo has been common in food stores and restaurants in cosmopolitan areas and in other areas with a significant Mexican population. Restaurants often feature it as a special on Saturday and Sunday, and the folklore belief that menudo will alleviate some of the symptoms of a hangover is widely held.
An annual Menudo Festival is held in Santa Maria, California. In 2009, more than 2,000 people attended and 13 restaurants competed for prizes in three categories. The festival is organized by the National Latino Peace Officers Association of Northern Santa Barbara County and the money raised goes toward scholarships for local students.
Gallery
- Menudo Variations
See also
- List of Mexican dishes
- List of soups
- Sopa de mondongo
- Tripe soups
- food portal
References
External links
- Wikibooks:Cookbook:Menudo
- Menudo recipe