List Of Mammals Of North America - Animals Indigenous To North America

This is a list of North American mammals. It includes all mammals currently found in North America north of Mexico, whether resident or as migrants. A list of Mexican mammals can be found here. This article does not include species found only in captivity. Mammal species which became extinct in the last 10,000 to 13,000 years are also included in this article. Each species is listed, with its binomial name. Most established introduced species occurring across multiple states and provinces are also noted.

Some species are identified as indicated below:

(A) = Accidental occurrence based on one or a few records, and unlikely to occur regularly.
(E) = Extinct; any member of the fauna that died out between 13,000 years ago to present times.
(Ex) = Extirpated; no longer occurs in area of interest, but other populations still exist elsewhere.
(I) = Introduced population established solely as result of direct or indirect human intervention; synonymous with non-native and non-indigenous.

Conservation status - IUCN Red List of Threatened Species:

EX - Extinct, EW - Extinct in the Wild

CR - Critically Endangered, EN - Endangered, VU - Vulnerable

NT - Near Threatened, LC - Least Concern

DD - Data Deficient, NE - Not Evaluated

(v. 2013.2, the data is current as of March 5, 2014)

and Endangered Species Act:

E - endangered, T - threatened

XN, XE - experimental non essential or essential population

E(S/A), T(S/A) - endangered or threatened due to similarity of appearance

(selected only taxa found in the USA, the data is current as of March 28, 2014)

Didelphimorphia

Didelphidae

Virginia opossum Didelphis virginiana LC

Cingulata

Dasypodidae

Nine-banded armadillo Dasypus novemcinctus LC
Beautiful armadillo Dasypus bellus (E)

Chlamyphoridae

American glyptodont Glyptotherium floridanum (E)

Pampatheriidae

American giant armadillo Holmesina septentrionalis (E)

Pilosa

Megalonychidae

Jefferson ground sloth Megalonyx jeffersonii (E)

Megatheriidae

American giant ground sloth Eremotherium laurillardi (E)

Mylodontidae

Harlan's ground sloth Paramylodon harlani (E)

Nothrotheriidae

Shasta ground sloth Nothrotheriops shastensis (E)

Rodents

Aplodontiidae

Mountain beaver Aplodontia rufa LC (ssp. nigra: E)

Castoridae

North American beaver Castor canadensis LC
Giant beaver Castoroides ohioensis (E)

Dipodidae

Woodland jumping mouse Napaeozapus insignis LC
Meadow jumping mouse Zapus hudsonius LC
(Preble's meadow jumping mouse Z. h. preblei: T)
Western jumping mouse Zapus princeps LC
Pacific jumping mouse Zapus trinotatus LC

Erethizontidae

North American porcupine Erethizon dorsatum LC

Caviidae

North American capybara Neochoerus pinckneyi (E)
Holmes's capybara Hydrochoerus holmesi (E)

Geomyidae

There has been much debate among taxonomists about which races of pocket gopher should be recognized as full species, and the following list cannot be regarded as definitive.

Yellow-faced pocket gopher Cratogeomys castanops LC
Desert pocket gopher Geomys arenarius NT
Attwater's pocket gopher Geomys attwateri LC
Baird's pocket gopher Geomys breviceps LC
Plains pocket gopher Geomys bursarius LC
Knox Jones's pocket gopher Geomys knoxjonesi LC
Texas pocket gopher Geomys personatus LC
Southeastern pocket gopher Geomys pinetis LC
Llano pocket gopher Geomys texensis LC
Botta's pocket gopher Thomomys bottae LC
Camas pocket gopher Thomomys bulbivorus LC
Wyoming pocket gopher Thomomys clusius LC
Idaho pocket gopher Thomomys idahoensis LC
Mazama pocket gopher Thomomys mazama LC
Mountain pocket gopher Thomomys monticola LC
Northern pocket gopher Thomomys talpoides LC
Townsend's pocket gopher Thomomys townsendii LC
Southern pocket gopher Thomomys umbrinus LC

Heteromyidae

Mexican spiny pocket mouse Liomys irroratus LC
Ord's kangaroo rat Dipodomys ordii LC
Gulf Coast kangaroo rat Dipodomys compactus LC
Chisel-toothed kangaroo rat Dipodomys microps LC
Panamint kangaroo rat Dipodomys panamintinus LC
Stephen's kangaroo rat Dipodomys stephensi EN E
Narrow-faced kangaroo rat Dipodomys venustus LC
- Big-eared kangaroo rat Dipodomys (venustus) elephantinus
Agile kangaroo rat Dipodomys agilis LC
Heermann's kangaroo rat Dipodomys heermanni LC
(Morro Bay kangaroo rat D. h. morroensis: E)
California kangaroo rat Dipodomys californicus LC
Giant kangaroo rat Dipodomys ingens EN E
Banner-tailed kangaroo rat Dipodomys spectabilis NT
Texas kangaroo rat Dipodomys elator VU
Merriam's kangaroo rat Dipodomys merriami LC (San Bernardino kangaroo rat D. m. parvus: E)
Fresno kangaroo rat Dipodomys nitratoides VU (Fresno subspecies D. n. exilis and Tipton kangaroo rat D. n. nitratoides: E)
Desert kangaroo rat Dipodomys deserti LC
Dulzura kangaroo rat Dipodomys simulans LC
Dark kangaroo mouse Microdipodops megacephalus LC
Pale kangaroo mouse Microdipodops pallidus LC
White-eared pocket mouse Perognathus alticola EN
Arizona pocket mouse Perognathus amplus LC
Olive-backed pocket mouse Perognathus fasciatus LC
Plains pocket mouse Perognathus flavescens LC
Silky pocket mouse Perognathus flavus LC
San Joaquin pocket mouse Perognathus inornatus LC
Little pocket mouse Perognathus longimembris LC (Pacific pocket mouse P. l. pacificus: E)
Merriam's pocket mouse Perognathus merriami LC
Great Basin pocket mouse Perognathus parvus LC
Bailey's pocket mouse Chaetodipus baileyi LC
California pocket mouse Chaetodipus californicus LC
Chihuahuan pocket mouse Chaetodipus eremicus LC
San Diego pocket mouse Chaetodipus fallax LC
Long-tailed pocket mouse Chaetodipus formosus LC
Hispid pocket mouse Chaetodipus hispidus LC
Rock pocket mouse Chaetodipus intermedius LC
Nelson's pocket mouse Chaetodipus nelsoni LC
Desert pocket mouse Chaetodipus penicillatus LC
Spiny pocket mouse Chaetodipus spinatus LC
Baja pocket mouse Chaetodipus rudinoris LC

Sciuridae

Eastern gray squirrel Sciurus carolinensis LC
Eastern fox squirrel Sciurus niger LC (Delmarva fox squirrel S. n. cinereus: E)
Mexican fox squirrel Sciurus nayaritensis LC
Arizona gray squirrel Sciurus arizonensis DD
Western gray squirrel Sciurus griseus LC
Mexican gray squirrel Sciurus aureogaster LC
American red squirrel Tamiasciurus hudsonicus LC
(Mount Graham red squirrel T. h. grahamensis: E)
Douglas squirrel Tamiasciurus douglasii LC
Abert's squirrel Sciurus aberti LC
Northern flying squirrel Glaucomys sabrinus LC (Carolina northern flying squirrel G. s. coloratus and Virginia northern flying squirrel G. s. fuscus: E)
Southern flying squirrel Glaucomys volans LC
Harris's antelope squirrel Ammospermophilus harrisii LC
San Joaquin antelope squirrel Ammospermophilus nelsoni EN
White-tailed antelope squirrel Ammospermophilus leucurus LC
Texas antelope squirrel Ammospermophilus interpres LC
Gunnison's prairie dog Cynomys gunnisoni LC
White-tailed prairie dog Cynomys leucurus LC
Black-tailed prairie dog Cynomys ludovicianus LC
Utah prairie dog Cynomys parvidens EN T
Alaska marmot Marmota broweri LC
Hoary marmot Marmota caligata LC
Yellow-bellied marmot Marmota flaviventris LC
Woodchuck Marmota monax LC
Olympic marmot Marmota olympus LC
Vancouver Island marmot Marmota vancouverensis CR E
California ground squirrel Otospermophilus beecheyi LC
Rock squirrel Otospermophilus variegatus LC
Golden-mantled ground squirrel Callospermophilus lateralis LC
Cascade golden-mantled ground squirrel Callospermophilus saturatus LC
Mohave ground squirrel Xerospermophilus mohavensis VU
Spotted ground squirrel Xerospermophilus spilosoma LC
Round-tailed ground squirrel Xerospermophilus tereticaudus LC
Franklin's ground squirrel Poliocitellus franklinii LC
Mexican ground squirrel Ictidomys mexicanus LC
Thirteen-lined ground squirrel Ictidomys tridecemlineatus LC
Uinta ground squirrel Urocitellus armatus LC
Belding's ground squirrel Urocitellus beldingi LC
Idaho ground squirrel Urocitellus brunneus EN
(Northern Idaho ground squirrel U. b. brunneus: T)
Merriam's ground squirrel Urocitellus canus LC
Columbian ground squirrel Urocitellus columbianus LC
Wyoming ground squirrel Urocitellus elegans LC
Piute ground squirrel Urocitellus mollis LC
Arctic ground squirrel Urocitellus parryii LC
Richardson's ground squirrel Urocitellus richardsonii LC
Townsend's ground squirrel Urocitellus townsendii VU
Washington ground squirrel Urocitellus washingtoni NT
Alpine chipmunk Tamias alpinus LC
Yellow pine chipmunk Tamias amoenus LC
Gray-footed chipmunk Tamias canipes LC
Gray-collared chipmunk Tamias cinereicollis LC
Cliff chipmunk Tamias dorsalis LC
Merriam's chipmunk Tamias merriami LC
Least chipmunk Tamias minimus LC
California chipmunk Tamias obscurus LC
Yellow-cheeked chipmunk Tamias ochrogenys LC
Palmer's chipmunk Tamias palmeri EN
Panamint chipmunk Tamias panamintinus LC
Long-eared chipmunk Tamias quadrimaculatus LC
Colorado chipmunk Tamias quadrivittatus LC
Red-tailed chipmunk Tamias ruficaudus LC
Hopi chipmunk Tamias rufus LC
Allen's chipmunk Tamias senex LC
Siskiyou chipmunk Tamias siskiyou LC
Sonoma chipmunk Tamias sonomae LC
Lodgepole chipmunk Tamias speciosus LC
Eastern chipmunk Tamias striatus LC
Townsend's chipmunk Tamias townsendii LC
Uinta chipmunk Tamias umbrinus LC

Muroidea

There has been much debate among taxonomists about which races of mice and voles should be recognized as full species, and the following list cannot be regarded as definitive.

Insular vole Microtus abbreviatus LC
Beach vole Microtus breweri VU
California vole Microtus californicus LC (ssp. scirpen: E)
Gray-tailed vole Microtus canicaudus LC
Rock vole Microtus chrotorrhinus LC
Long-tailed vole Microtus longicaudus LC
Mexican vole Microtus mexicanus LC
(including M. mogollonensis: LC, ssp. hualpaiensis: E)
- Mogollon vole Microtus mogollonensis (sometimes split from Microtus mexicanus)
Singing vole Microtus miurus LC
Montane vole Microtus montanus LC
Prairie vole Microtus ochrogaster LC
Tundra vole Microtus oeconomus LC
Creeping vole Microtus oregoni LC
Meadow vole Microtus pennsylvanicus LC (Florida Salt Marsh Vole M. p. dukecampbelli: E)
Woodland vole Microtus pinetorum LC
Water vole Microtus richardsoni LC
Townsend's vole Microtus townsendii LC
Taiga vole Microtus xanthognathus LC
Sagebrush vole Lemmiscus curtatus LC
Muskrat Ondatra zibethicus LC
White-footed vole Arborimus albipes LC
Red tree vole Arborimus longicaudus NT
California red tree mouse Arborimus pomo NT
Western heather vole Phenacomys intermedius LC
Eastern heather vole Phenacomys ungava LC
Western red-backed vole Myodes californicus LC
Southern red-backed vole Myodes gapperi LC
Northern red-backed vole Myodes rutilus LC
Northern bog lemming Synaptomys borealis LC
Southern bog lemming Synaptomys cooperi LC
Brown lemming Lemmus trimucronatus LC
Round-tailed muskrat Neofiber alleni LC
Northern collared lemming Dicrostonyx groenlandicus LC
Ungava collared lemming Dicrostonyx hudsonius LC
Richardson's collared lemming Dicrostonyx richardsoni LC
Nelson's collared lemming Dicrostonyx nelsoni LC
Ogilvie Mountains collared lemming Dicrostonyx nunatakensis LC
Unalaska collared lemming Dicrostonyx unalascensis DD
White-throated woodrat Neotoma albigula LC
Bushy-tailed woodrat Neotoma cinerea LC
Arizona woodrat Neotoma devia LC
Eastern woodrat Neotoma floridana LC (Key Largo woodrat N. f. smalli: E)
Dusky-footed woodrat Neotoma fuscipes LC (ssp. riparia: E)
Desert woodrat Neotoma lepida LC
Allegheny woodrat Neotoma magister NT
Mexican woodrat Neotoma mexicana LC
Southern Plains woodrat Neotoma micropus LC
Stephen's woodrat Neotoma stephensi LC
White-toothed woodrat Neotoma leucodon LC
Big-eared woodrat Neotoma macrotis LC
Northern pygmy mouse Baiomys taylori LC
Golden mouse Ochrotomys nuttalli LC
California mouse Peromyscus californicus LC
Cactus mouse Peromyscus eremicus LC
Northern Baja deermouse Peromyscus fraterculus LC (formerly in Peromyscus eremicus)
Mesquite mouse Peromyscus merriami LC
Canyon mouse Peromyscus crinitus LC
Deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus LC
Oldfield mouse Peromyscus polionotus LC (Choctawatchee beach mouse P. p. allophrys, Perdido Key beach mouse P. p. trissyllepsis, St. Andrews beach mouse P. p. peninsularis, Alabama beach mouse P. p. ammobates and Anastasia Island beach mouse P. p. phasma: E, Southeastern beach mouse P. p. niveiventris: T)
White-footed mouse Peromyscus leucopus LC
Cotton mouse Peromyscus gossypinus LC (ssp. allapaticola: E)
Brush mouse Peromyscus boylii LC
Texas mouse Peromyscus attwateri LC
White-ankled mouse Peromyscus pectoralis LC
Pinyon mouse Peromyscus truei LC
Osgood's mouse Peromyscus gratus LC
Northwestern deer mouse Peromyscus keeni LC
Northern rock mouse Peromyscus nasutus LC
Black-eared mouse Peromyscus melanotis LC
Peromyscus anayapahensis (E)
Peromyscus nesodytes (E)
Fulvous harvest mouse Reithrodontomys fulvescens LC
Eastern harvest mouse Reithrodontomys humulis LC
Western harvest mouse Reithrodontomys megalotis LC
Plains harvest mouse Reithrodontomys montanus LC
Salt marsh harvest mouse Reithrodontomys raviventris EN E
Mearn's grasshopper mouse Onychomys arenicola LC
Northern grasshopper mouse Onychomys leucogaster LC
Southern grasshopper mouse Onychomys torridus LC
Florida mouse Podomys floridanus VU
Hispid cotton rat Sigmodon hispidus LC
Yellow-nosed cotton rat Sigmodon ochrognathus LC
Arizona cotton rat Sigmodon arizonae LC
Tawny-bellied cotton rat Sigmodon fulviventer LC
Coues's rice rat Oryzomys couesi LC
Marsh rice rat Oryzomys palustris LC (ssp. natator: E)

Lagomorphs

Leporidae

Pygmy rabbit Brachylagus idahoensis LC E
Brush rabbit Sylvilagus bachmani LC (ssp. riparius: E)
Swamp rabbit Sylvilagus aquaticus LC
Marsh rabbit Sylvilagus palustris LC (Lower Keys marsh rabbit S. p. hefneri: E)
Eastern cottontail Sylvilagus floridanus LC
Manzano Mountain cottontail Sylvilagus cognatus DD (formerly in Sylvilagus floridanus)
New England cottontail Sylvilagus transitionalis VU
Mountain cottontail Sylvilagus nuttallii LC
Desert cottontail Sylvilagus audubonii LC
Appalachian cottontail Sylvilagus obscurus NT
Robust cottontail Sylvilagus robustus EN
Antelope jackrabbit Lepus alleni LC
Snowshoe hare Lepus americanus LC
Arctic hare Lepus arcticus LC
Alaskan hare Lepus othus LC
Black-tailed jackrabbit Lepus californicus LC
White-sided jackrabbit Lepus callotis NT
White-tailed jackrabbit Lepus townsendii LC
Atzlan rabbit Aztlanolagus agilis (E)

Ochotonidae

Collared pika Ochotona collaris LC
American pika Ochotona princeps LC
Giant pika Ochotona whartoni (E)

Eulipotyphla

Talpidae

Star-nosed mole Condylura cristata LC
Hairy-tailed mole Parascalops breweri LC
Eastern mole Scalopus aquaticus LC
Broad-footed mole Scapanus latimanus LC
Coast mole Scapanus orarius LC
Townsend's mole Scapanus townsendii LC
Shrew-mole Neurotrichus gibbsii LC

Soricidae

Northern short-tailed shrew Blarina brevicauda LC
Southern short-tailed shrew Blarina carolinensis LC
- Everglades short-tailed shrew Blarina peninsulae (B. carolinensis: LC)
Elliot's short-tailed shrew Blarina hylophaga LC
North American least shrew Cryptotis parva LC
Cockrum's gray shrew Notiosorex cockrumi LC
Crawford's gray shrew Notiosorex crawfordi LC
Long-tailed shrew Sorex dispar LC
Smoky shrew Sorex fumeus LC
American pygmy shrew Sorex hoyi LC
Dwarf shrew Sorex nanus LC
Ornate shrew Sorex ornatus LC (ssp. relictus: E)
Inyo shrew Sorex tenellus LC
Baird's shrew Sorex bairdi LC
Marsh shrew Sorex bendirii LC
New Mexico shrew Sorex neomexicanus DD
Pacific shrew Sorex pacificus LC
American water shrew Sorex palustris LC
Fog shrew Sorex sonomae LC
Vagrant shrew Sorex vagrans LC
Cinereus shrew Sorex cinereus LC
- Maryland shrew Sorex cinereus fontinalis
Olympic shrew Sorex rohweri LC (formerly in Sorex cinereus)
Prairie shrew Sorex haydeni LC
Saint Lawrence Island shrew Sorex jacksoni LC
Southeastern shrew Sorex longirostris LC
Mount Lyell shrew Sorex lyelli LC
Preble's shrew Sorex preblei LC
Pribilof Island shrew Sorex pribilofensis EN
Barren ground shrew Sorex ugyunak LC
Alaska tiny shrew Sorex yukonicus LC
Arctic shrew Sorex arcticus LC
Maritime shrew Sorex maritimensis LC
Tundra shrew Sorex tundrensis LC
Arizona shrew Sorex arizonae LC
Merriam's shrew Sorex merriami LC
Trowbridge's shrew Sorex trowbridgii LC
Montane shrew Sorex monticolus LC
Glacier Bay water shrew Sorex alaskanus DD

Chiroptera

Vespertilionidae

Western pipistrelle Pipistrellus hesperus LC
Eastern pipistrelle Pipistrellus subflavus LC
Big brown bat Eptesicus fuscus LC
Evening bat Nycticeius humeralis LC
Desert red bat Lasiurus blossevillii LC
Eastern red bat Lasiurus borealis LC
Hoary bat Lasiurus cinereus LC (Hawaiian Hoary bat L. c. semotus: E)
Southern yellow bat Lasiurus ega LC
Seminole bat Lasiurus seminolus LC
Northern yellow bat Lasiurus intermedius LC
Western yellow bat Lasiurus xanthinus LC
Allen's big-eared bat Idionycteris phyllotis LC
Spotted bat Euderma maculatum LC
Rafinesque's big-eared bat Corynorhinus rafinesquii LC
Townsend's big-eared bat Corynorhinus townsendii LC (ssp. virginianus and ingens: E)
Southwestern myotis Myotis auriculus LC
Southeastern myotis Myotis austroriparius LC
California myotis Myotis californicus LC
Western small-footed myotis Myotis ciliolabrum LC
Dark-nosed small-footed myotis Myotis melanorhinus LC
Long-eared myotis Myotis evotis LC
Gray bat Myotis grisescens NT E
Keen's myotis Myotis keenii LC
Eastern small-footed myotis Myotis leibii LC
Little brown bat Myotis lucifugus LC
Northern long-eared myotis Myotis septentrionalis LC
Indiana bat Myotis sodalis EN E
Fringed myotis Myotis thysanodes LC
Cave myotis Myotis velifer LC
Long-legged myotis Myotis volans LC
Yuma myotis Myotis yumanensis LC
Silver-haired bat Lasionycteris noctivagans LC
Arizona myotis Myotis occultus LC

Molossidae

Wagner's mastiff bat Eumops glaucinus LC
Florida bonneted bat Eumops floridanus CR E (formerly in Eumops glaucinus)
Western mastiff bat Eumops perotis LC
Underwood's mastiff bat Eumops underwoodi LC
Pallas's mastiff bat Molossus molossus LC
Pocketed free-tailed bat Nyctinomops femorosaccus LC
Big free-tailed bat Nyctinomops macrotis LC
Mexican free-tailed bat Tadarida brasiliensis LC

Antrozoidae

Pallid bat Antrozous pallidus LC

Mormoopidae

Ghost-faced bat Mormoops megalophylla LC
Pristine mustached bat Pteronotus pristinus (E)

Phyllostomidae

Mexican long-tongued bat Choeronycteris mexicana NT
Hairy-legged vampire bat Diphylla ecaudata LC
Mexican long-nosed bat Leptonycteris nivalis EN E
Lesser long-nosed bat Leptonycteris yerbabuenae VU
(Leptonycteris curasoae yerbabuenae: E)
California leaf-nosed bat Macrotus californicus LC
Velvety fruit-eating bat Enchisthenes hartii LC

Carnivora

Felidae

Jaguarundi Puma yagouaroundi LC
(Gulf Coast jaguarundi P. y. cacomitli and Sinaloan jauguarundi P. y. tolteca: E)
Ocelot Leopardus pardalis LC E
Canadian lynx Lynx canadensis LC T
Bobcat Lynx rufus LC
Mountain lion Puma concolor LC T(S/A) (except coryi, ssp. couguar and coryi: E)
Margay Leopardus wiedii (Ex) NT
Jaguar Panthera onca NT E
Sabre-tooth cat Smilodon fatalis (E)
American scimitar cat Homotherium serum (E)
American cheetah Miracinonyx trumani, inexpectatus (E)
American lion Panthera leo atrox (E)
Beringian cave lion Panthera leo spelaea (E)

Canidae

Coyote Canis latrans LC
Gray wolf Canis lupus LC E (and XN)
Red wolf Canis rufus CR E (and XN)
Eastern wolf Canis lycaon (Ex??)
Dire wolf Canis dirus (E)
Red fox Vulpes vulpes LC
Swift fox Vulpes velox LC (ssp. hebes: E)
Kit fox Vulpes macrotis LC (ssp. mutica: E)
Arctic fox Alopex lagopus LC
Gray fox Urocyon cinereoargenteus LC
Island fox Urocyon littoralis NT
(ssp. littoralis, catalinae, santarosae and santacruzae: E)
Dhole Cuon alpinus (Ex) EN E

Ursidae

Brown bear Ursus arctos LC (includes grizzly bear U. a. horribilis: T, XN and
Alaskan brown bear or Kodiak bear U. a. middendorffi)
American black bear Ursus americanus LC T(S/A)
(Louisiana Black Bear U. a. luteolus: T)
Polar bear Ursus maritimus VU T
Florida cave bear Tremarctos floridanus (E)
Short-faced bear Arctodus simus (E)

Procyonidae

Raccoon Procyon lotor LC
White-nosed coati Nasua narica LC
Ringtail Bassariscus astutus LC

Mustelidae

Sea otter Enhydra lutris EN (ssp. nereis and kenyoni: T, ssp. nereis also XN)
Northern river otter Lontra canadensis LC
American badger Taxidea taxus LC
Wolverine Gulo gulo LC
American marten Martes americana LC
Fisher Martes pennanti LC
Ermine Mustela erminea LC
Long-tailed weasel Mustela frenata LC
Least weasel Mustela nivalis LC
Black-footed ferret Mustela nigripes EN E (and XN)
American mink Neovison vison LC
Sea mink Neovison macrodon (E) EX

Mephitidae

Striped skunk Mephitis mephitis LC
Hooded skunk Mephitis macroura LC
Western spotted skunk Spilogale gracilis LC
Eastern spotted skunk Spilogale putorius LC
Hog-nosed skunk Conepatus leuconotus LC (merged with western hog-nosed skunk Conepatus mesoleucus)
Short-faced skunk Brachyprotoma obtusata (E)

Otariidae

Northern fur seal Callorhinus ursinus VU
Guadalupe fur seal Arctocephalus townsendi NT T
Steller sea lion Eumetopias jubatus NT (ssp. monteriensis: LC, ssp. jubatus: EN) T (except west of 144Â° W, where E)
California sea lion Zalophus californianus LC

Odobenidae

Walrus Odobenus rosmarus DD

Phocidae

Caribbean monk seal Monachus tropicalis (E) EX
Hawaiian monk seal Monachus schauinslandi (Hawaiian Islands only) CR E
Northern elephant seal Mirounga angustirostris LC
Bearded seal Erignathus barbatus LC
Hooded seal Cystophora cristata VU
Harbor seal Phoca vitulina LC
Spotted seal Phoca largha DD T
Ringed seal Pusa hispida LC
Harp seal Pagophilus groenlandicus LC
Ribbon seal Histriophoca fasciata DD
Grey seal Halichoerus grypus LC

Perissodactyla

Equidae

Equus species Equus sp. (E)
Tarpan Equus ferus ferus (E)
Scott's horse Equus scotti (E)
Yukon wild horse Equus lambei (E)
Mexican horse Equus conversidens (E)
Western horse Equus occidentalis (E)

Tapiridae

Cope's tapir Tapirus copei (E)
California tapir Tapirus californicus (E)
Merriam's tapir Tapirus merriami (E)
Florida tapir Tapirus veroensis (E)

Artiodactyla

Camelidae

American camel Camelops sp. (E)
Hemiauchenia macrocephala (E)
Stout-legged llama Palaeolama mirifica (E)

Tayassuidae

Collared peccary Pecari tajacu LC
Flat-headed peccary Platygonus compressus (E)
Long-nosed peccary Mylohyus nasutus (E)

Bovidae

American bison Bison bison NT (Wood bison B. b. athabascae: T)
Ancient bison Bison antiquus (E)
Bison occidentalis (E)
Steppe wisent Bison priscus (E)
Saiga antelope Saiga tatarica (Ex) CR (ssp. tatarica: CR, ssp. mongolica EN)
Muskox Ovibos moschatus LC
Harlan's muskox Bootherium bombifrons (E)
Shrub-ox Euceratherium collinum (E)
Mountain goat Oreamnos americanus LC
Harrington's mountain goat Oreamnos harringtoni (E)
Bighorn sheep Ovis canadensis LC (Desert bighorn sheep O. c. nelsoni and Sierra Nevada bighorn sheep O. c. sierrae: E)
Dall sheep Ovis dalli LC

Cervidae

Elk (wapiti) Cervus canadensis (sometimes as C. elaphus canadensis; C. elaphus: LC)
Caribou Rangifer tarandus LC (Migratory Woodland Caribou R. t. caribou: E)
Moose Alces alces LC (sometimes as distinct species Alces americanus)
Stag-moose Cervalces scotti (E)
Mountain deer Navahoceros fricki (E)
White-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus LC (Columbian white-tailed deer O. v. leucurus and Key deer O. v. clavium: E)
Mule deer Odocoileus hemionus LC

Antilocapridae

Pronghorn Antilocapra americana LC (Sonoran pronghorn A. a. sonoriensis: E)
Dwarf pronghorn Capromeryx minor (E)
Shuler's pronghorn Tetrameryx shuleri (E)
Conkling's pronghorn Stockoceros conklingi (E)

Cetacea

Delphinidae (Oceanic dolphins)

Rough-toothed dolphin Steno bredanensis LC
Striped dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba LC
Atlantic spotted dolphin Stenella frontalis DD
Spinner dolphin Stenella longirostris DD
Clymene dolphin Stenella clymene DD
Pantropical spotted dolphin Stenella attenuata LC
Short-beaked common dolphin Delphinus delphis LC
Long-beaked common dolphin Delphinus capensis DD
Common bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus LC
Pacific bottlenose dolphin Tursiops (truncatus) gillii
Fraser's dolphin Lagenodelphis hosei LC
Northern right whale dolphin Lissodelphis borealis LC
White-beaked dolphin Lagenorhynchus albirostris LC
Atlantic white-sided dolphin Lagenorhynchus acutus LC
Pacific white-sided dolphin Lagenorhynchus obliquidens LC
False killer whale Pseudorca crassidens DD
Killer whale Orcinus orca DD E
Risso's dolphin Grampus griseus LC
Long-finned pilot whale Globicephala melas DD
Short-finned pilot whale Globicephala macrorhynchus DD
Pygmy killer whale Feresa attenuata DD
Melon-headed whale Peponocephala electra LC

Monodontidae

Beluga Delphinapterus leucas NT E (Cook Inlet subpopulation: CR)
Narwhal Monodon monoceros NT

Phocoenidae

Harbor porpoise Phocoena phocoena LC
Dall's porpoise Phocoenoides dalli LC

Kogiidae

Pygmy sperm whale Kogia breviceps DD
Dwarf sperm whale Kogia sima (Hawaiian Islands only) DD

Physeteridae

Sperm whale Physeter macrocephalus VU E

Ziphiidae (Beaked whales)

Gervais' beaked whale Mesoplodon europaeus DD
Blainville's beaked whale Mesoplodon densirostris DD
True's beaked whale Mesoplodon mirus DD
Sowerby's beaked whale Mesoplodon bidens DD
Stejneger's beaked whale Mesoplodon stejnegeri DD
Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale Mesoplodon ginkgodens DD
Hubbs' beaked whale Mesoplodon carlhubbsi DD
Perrin's beaked whale Mesoplodon perrini DD
Hector's beaked whale Mesoplodon hectori (A) DD
Pygmy beaked whale Mesoplodon peruvianus (A) DD
Tropical bottlenose whale Indopacetus pacificus DD
Northern bottlenose whale Hyperoodon ampullatus DD
Cuvier's beaked whale Ziphius cavirostris LC
Giant beaked whale Berardius bairdii DD (collective name for two species - Baird's beaked whale and Arnoux's beaked whale)

Eschrichtiidae

Gray whale Eschrichtius robustus LC E

Balaenopteridae (Rorquals)

Blue whale Balaenoptera musculus EN E
(ssp. brevicauda - pygmy blue whale: DD, ssp. musculus North Pacific stock: LR/cd, ssp. musculus North Atlantic stock: VU)
Fin whale Balaenoptera physalus EN E
Sei whale Balaenoptera borealis EN E
Common minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata LC
Bryde's whale Balaenoptera edeni (A) DD
Humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae LC E

Balaenidae

Bowhead whale Balaena mysticetus LC E (Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort Sea subpopulation: LR/cd, Svalbard-Barents Sea (Spitsbergen) subpopulation: CR)
North Atlantic right whale Eubalaena glacialis EN E
North Pacific right whale Eubalaena japonica (A) (Hawaiian Islands only) EN E (Northeast Pacific subpopulation: CR)

Sirenia (Sea cows)

Trichechidae

West Indian manatee Trichechus manatus VU E
(ssp. manatus - Antillean or Caribbean manatee: EN, ssp. latirostris - Florida manatee: EN)

Dugongidae

Steller's sea cow Hydrodamalis gigas (E) EX

Proboscidea

Elephantidae

Woolly mammoth Mammuthus primigenius (E)
Columbian mammoth Mammuthus columbi (E)
Imperial mammoth Mammuthus imperator (E)
Pygmy mammoth Mammuthus exilis (E)

Mammutidae

American mastodon Mammut americanum (E)

Introduced Animals

Myocastoridae

Nutria Myocastor coypus (I) LC

Muroidea

Norway rat Rattus norvegicus (I) LC
Black rat Rattus rattus (I) LC
Polynesian rat Rattus exulans (I) LC (Hawaiian Islands only)
House mouse Mus musculus (I) LC

Leporidae

European hare Lepus europaeus (I) LC
Cape hare Lepus capensis (I) LC
European rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus (Hawaiian Islands only) NT (I)

Cercopithecidae

Rhesus macaque Macaca mulatta (I) LC
Vervet monkey Chlorocebus pygerythrus (I) LC
Japanese macaque Macaca fuscata (I) LC T

Felidae

Feral cat Felis (silvestris) catus (I) (F. silvestris: LC)

Herpestidae

Small Asian mongoose Herpestes javanicus (I) (Hawaiian Islands only) LC

Canidae

Feral dog Canis lupus familiaris (I)

Mustelidae

Beech marten Martes foina (I) LC

Equidae

Feral horse Equus ferus caballus (I)
Feral donkey (feral burro) Equus africanus asinus (I)

Suidae

Feral pig or wild boar Sus scrofa (I) LC

Bovidae

Nilgai Boselaphus tragocamelus (I) LC
Feral cattle Bos (primigenius) taurus (I)
Gemsbok Oryx gazella (I) LC
Blackbuck Antilope cervicapra (I) NT
Barbary sheep Ammotragus lervia (I) VU
Feral goat Capra aegagrus hircus (I)
Bezoar ibex Capra aegagrus aegagrus (I) LC
Mouflon Ovis orientalis (I) VU

Cervidae

Sika deer Cervus nippon (I) LC
Red deer Cervus elaphus (I) (LC, including wapiti as C. e. canadensis)
Fallow deer Dama dama (I) LC
Chital Axis axis (I) LC
Hog deer Hyelaphus porcinus (I) EN
Sambar Rusa unicolor (I) VU

Notes

Species listed in Baker et al. 2003, but omitted in this article: European ferret Mustela putorius, Himalayan tahr Hemitragus jemlahicus.

References

Nowak, Ronald M. Walker's Mammals of the World (6th ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBNÂ 0-8018-5789-9.Â

External links

American Society of Mammalogists
Databases: Division of Mammals: Department of Vertebrate Zoology: NMNH - i.e. printable Field Guide to mammals of North America
Search the Division of Mammals Collections - National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution
Mammal Species of the World, 3rd edition (MSW3) - database of mammalian taxonomy
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (Search results: mammalia, North America, 2014-03-29)
Endangered Species Program - US Fish & Wildlife Service
Species Search - US Fish & Wildlife Service
Endangered Species Act - National Marine Fisheries Service - NOAA
List of Endangered and threatened wildlife - US Government Printing Office

Minggu, 19 Februari 2017