List Of Mammals Of Syria - Animals In Syria

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Syria. There are 71 mammal species in Syria, of which 1 is critically endangered, 3 are endangered, 6 are vulnerable, and 3 are near-threatened. 1 of the species listed for Syria can no longer be found in the wild.

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:

Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories:

Subclass: Theria

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Proboscidea (elephants)

The elephants comprise three living species and are the largest living land animals.

Family: Elephantidae (elephants)
- - Genus: Elephas
    - Species: Asian elephant Elephas maximus EN
      - Syrian elephant Elephas maximus asurus EX

Order: Hyracoidea (hyraxes)

The hyraxes are any of four species of fairly small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. About the size of a domestic cat they are well-furred, with rounded bodies and a stmpy tail. They are native to Africa and the Middle East.

Family: Procaviidae (hylaxes)
- - Genus: Procavia
    - Cape hyrax Procavia capensis LC

Order: Rodentia (rodents)

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45Â kg (100Â lb).

Suborder: Sciurognathi
- Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
  - Subfamily: Sciurinae
    - Tribe: Sciurini
      - Genus: Sciurus
        Caucasian squirrel Sciurus anomalus LR/nt
  - Subfamily: Xerinae
    - Tribe: Marmotini
      - Genus: Spermophilus
        Asia Minor ground squirrel Spermophilus xanthoprymnus LR/lc
- Family: Gliridae (dormice)
  - Subfamily: Leithiinae
    - Genus: Dryomys
      - Forest dormouse Dryomys nitedula LR/nt
    - Genus: Eliomys
      - Asian garden dormouse Eliomys melanurus LC
- Family: Dipodidae (jerboas)
  - Subfamily: Allactaginae
    - Genus: Allactaga
      - Euphrates jerboa Allactaga euphratica LR/nt
- Family: Spalacidae
  - Subfamily: Spalacinae
    - Genus: Nannospalax
      - Palestine mole rat Nannospalax ehrenbergi LC
- Family: Calomyscidae
  - Genus: Calomyscus
    - Tsolov's mouse-like hamster Calomyscus tsolovi LR/nt
- Family: Cricetidae
  - Subfamily: Cricetinae
    - Genus: Mesocricetus
      - Golden hamster Mesocricetus auratus EN
      - Turkish hamster Mesocricetus brandti LR/lc
  - Subfamily: Arvicolinae
    - Genus: Chionomys
      - Snow vole Chionomys nivalis LR/nt
    - Genus: Microtus
      - GÃ¼nther's vole Microtus guentheri LR/nt
      - Persian vole Microtus irani LR/lc
      - Social vole Microtus socialis LR/lc
- Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
  - Subfamily: Deomyinae
    - Genus: Acomys
      - Cairo spiny mouse Acomys cahirinus LC
  - Subfamily: Gerbillinae
    - Genus: Gerbillus
      - Wagner's gerbil Gerbillus dasyurus LR/lc
    - Genus: Meriones
      - Sundevall's jird Meriones crassus LC
      - Libyan jird Meriones libycus LC
      - Tristram's jird Meriones tristrami LR/lc
      - Vinogradov's jird Meriones vinogradovi LR/lc
    - Genus: Psammomys
      - Sand rat Psammomys obesus LC
    - Genus: Tatera
      - Indian gerbil Tatera indica LR/lc
  - Subfamily: Murinae
    - Genus: Apodemus
      - Yellow-necked mouse Apodemus flavicollis LR/lc
    - Genus: Mus
      - Macedonian mouse Mus macedonicus LR/lc
    - Genus: Nesokia
      - Short-tailed bandicoot rat Nesokia indica LC

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
- Genus: Lepus
  - Cape hare Lepus capensis LR/lc
  - European hare Lepus europaeus LR/lc

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)

The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.

Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
- Subfamily: Erinaceinae
  - Genus: Erinaceus
    - Southern white-breasted hedgehog Erinaceus concolor LR/lc
  - Genus: Hemiechinus
    - Desert hedgehog Hemiechinus aethiopicus LR/lc
    - Long-eared hedgehog Hemiechinus auritus LR/lc

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)

The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.

Family: Soricidae (shrews)
- Subfamily: Crocidurinae
  - Genus: Crocidura
    - Lesser white-toothed shrew Crocidura suaveolens LR/lc

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats)
- Subfamily: Pteropodinae
  - Genus: Rousettus
    - Egyptian fruit bat Rousettus aegyptiacus LC
Family: Vespertilionidae
- Subfamily: Myotinae
  - Genus: Myotis
    - Lesser mouse-eared bat Myotis blythii LR/lc
    - Greater mouse-eared bat Myotis myotis LR/nt
- Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
  - Genus: Eptesicus
    - Botta's serotine Eptesicus bottae LC
  - Genus: Otonycteris
    - Desert long-eared bat Otonycteris hemprichii LR/lc
  - Genus: Pipistrellus
    - Kuhl's pipistrelle Pipistrellus kuhlii LC
  - Genus: Plecotus
    - Grey long-eared bat Plecotus austriacus LR/lc
- Subfamily: Miniopterinae
  - Genus: Miniopterus
    - Schreibers' long-fingered bat Miniopterus schreibersii LC
Family: Nycteridae
- Genus: Nycteris
  - Egyptian slit-faced bat Nycteris thebaica LC
Family: Rhinolophidae
- Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
  - Genus: Rhinolophus
    - Blasius's horseshoe bat Rhinolophus blasii NT
    - Mediterranean horseshoe bat Rhinolophus euryale VU
    - Greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum LR/nt

Order: Cetacea (whales)

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

Species listed below also includes species being recorded in Levantine Sea.

Suborder: Mysticeti
- Family: Balaenopteridae
  - Genus: Balaenoptera
    - Blue whale Balaenoptera m. musculus EN (possible)
    - Fin whale Balaenoptera physalus EN
    - Common minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata LC
Subfamily: Megapterinae
- Genus: Megaptera
  - Humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae LC
- Family: Eschrichtiidae
  - Genus: Eschrichtius
    - North Atlantic gray whale Eschrichtius robustus EX (possibly a vagrant from Pacific was recorded off Israel in 2010)
- Family: Balaenidae
  - Genus: Eubalaena
    - North Atlantic right whale Eubalaena glacialis CR (possible)
Suborder: Odontoceti
- Family: Physeteridae
  - Genus: Physeter
    - Sperm whale Physeter macrocephalus VU
- Family: Ziphidae
  - Genus: Ziphius
    - Cuvier's beaked whale Ziphius cavirostris LC
  - Genus: Mesoplodon
    - Gervais' beaked whale Ziphius cavirostris DD
- Superfamily: Platanistoidea
  - Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
    - Genus: Tursiops
      - Common bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus LC
    - Genus: Steno
      - Rough-toothed dolphin Steno bredanensis DD (once being considered as vagrants, but later confirmed as residential)
    - Genus: Stenella
      - Striped dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba DD
      - Pantropical spotted dolphin Stenella attenuata LR/cd (possible)
    - Genus: Sousa
      - Sousa chinensis DD
    - Genus: Delphinus
      - Short-beaked common dolphin Delphinus delphis LC
    - Genus: Grampus
      - Risso's dolphin Grampus griseus LC
    - Genus: Orcinus
      - Orca Orcinus orca DD
    - Genus: Pseudorca
      - False killer whale Pseudorca crassidens DD
    - Genus: Globicephala
      - Long-finned pilot whale Globicephala melas DD

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)

There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

Suborder: Feliformia
- Family: Felidae (cats)
  - Subfamily: Felinae
    - Genus: Acinonyx
      - Asiatic cheetah Acinonyx jubatus venaticus CR
    - Genus: caracal
      - Caracal Caracal caracal LC
    - Genus: Felis
      - Palestine jungle cat Felis chaus furax LC
      - Arabian sand cat Felis margarita harrisoni NT
      - Syrian wildcat Felis silvestris nesterovi LC
  - Subfamily: Pantherinae
    - Genus: Panthera
      - Anatolian leopard Panthera pardus tulliana EN
      - Arabian leopard Panthera pardus nimr CR
      - Asiatic lion Panthera leo persica EN
- Family: Herpestidae (mongooses)
  - Genus: Herpestes
    - Egyptian mongoose Herpestes ichneumon LR/lc
- Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas)
  - Genus: Hyaena
    - Striped hyena Hyaena hyaena LR/nt
Suborder: Caniformia
- Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
  - Genus: Vulpes
    - Red fox Vulpes vulpes LC
  - Genus: Canis
    - Syrian jackal Canis aureus syriacus LC
    - Arabian wolf Canis lupus arabs EN
- Family: Ursidae (bears)
  - Genus: Ursus
    - Syrian brown bear Ursus arctos syriacus LR/lc
- Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
  - Genus: Mustela
    - Least weasel Mustela nivalis LR/lc
  - Genus: Vormela
    - Marbled polecat Vormela peregusna LR/lc
  - Genus: Mellivora
    - Ratel Mellivora capensis LR/lc
  - Genus: Meles
    - Eurasian badger Meles meles LR/lc
  - Genus: Lutra
    - European otter Lutra lutra NT
- Family: Phocidae (earless seals)
  - Genus: Monachus
    - Mediterranean monk seal Monachus monachus CR

Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)

The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.

Family: Equidae (horses etc.)
- Genus: Equus
  - Syrian wild ass Equus hemionus hemippus EX

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

Family: Cervidae (deer)
- Subfamily: Capreolinae
  - Genus: Capreolus
    - Roe deer Capreolus capreolus LR/lc
Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
- Subfamily: Antilopinae
  - Genus: Gazella
    - Mountain gazelle Gazella gazella VU
    - Saudi gazelle Gazella saudiya EW
    - Goitered gazelle Gazella subgutturosa VU
- Subfamily: Caprinae
  - Genus: Capra
    - Wild goat Capra aegagrus VU
    - Nubian ibex Capra nubiana EN
- Subfamily: Hippotraginae
  - Genus: Oryx
    - Arabian oryx Oryx leucoryx EN

Notes

References

"The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Mammals of Syria". IUCN. 2001. Retrieved 22 May 2007.Â
"Mammal Species of the World". Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. 2005. Archived from the original on 27 April 2007. Retrieved 22 May 2007.Â
"Animal Diversity Web". University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. 1995â€"2006. Retrieved 22 May 2007.Â

List Of Mammals Of Syria - Animals In Syria

Rabu, 08 Februari 2017